Leadership Project
Nelson Mandela and
Martin Luther King
By Cormac Foley
Introduction
What is Leadership?
Leadership is the spark and flare that motivates others, inspires, and empowers them to contribute to achieving organizational success. Hunger and passion inside drives forth to reach the end goal. A great leader can do things that others thought were never possible, to inspire others to believe and motivate. It is an exceptional power and desire to gain followers and to believe in your view one hundred percent. Not everyone has the criteria that a leader must have to gain success, for it is much more than just having an idea, it is to gain followers and inspire others by their actions. Great leaders are born leaders.
A leader does not have to be someone who changes the world but can be someone on a sports field or in an office. The principle is the same. A leader will be able to obtain commitment and understanding from their followers. They will be able to look upon him or her as if there is no doubt in the world as why they are the leader because it will be self-explanatory. Respect will be the utmost and they will believe in their leader fully. A leader is not someone who you will have to be looking for but will be someone who will present themselves to you. Leadership is not something that you can learn but all leaders carry similar characteristics that they portray.
1.Have conviction
Nobody wants to follow a leader in times of uncertainty that is ‘wishy-washy’ and indecisive. A leader who is like this has followers who are uncertain, have anxiety, fear and some level of panic. A true leader will be able to deliver his goals clearly gaining support from his followers and also show the expectations of these. They will explain why they are choosing to do this are emphasise the importance of the decision. An example of this is when Nelson Mandela explains to the black society why he is choosing to keep the Springbok emblem.
2. Impose Contexts
People often can get carried away with what actually maters and what doesn’t. A great leader will focus people’s attention on what actions and goals are important and will have conviction in telling them what to do and how what not to do. An example of this would be from the movie Invictus when the black security guard of Nelson Mandela questions Mandela about why they have white security guards as well. He explains to him that the overall goal is to have a country where every body is the same and not a country with two halves.
3. Challenge and Change
Leaders are all ways looking for ways to change things so that you can surprise people and energize your followers, and take your competitors by surprise. An example of this is in the film Moneyball where Peter Bran had an idea of looking at players in a different perspective by looking at their statistical values, using mathematical equations and the percentage of them getting to first base. Billy Bean the manager took the risk of this idea never seen or heard of before and implemented it into his team. This meant he could by players very cheaply. His idea worked in the end and the risk payed off.
4. Generate Critical Mass
Many people have great ideas and more than likely that idea has been thought of before, but a great leader will be able to do more with that idea than others. They will be able to speak out and express their ideas but most importantly bring followers with them to strengthen and create critical mass. An example of this would be Nelson Mandela’s first day in office he decided not to fire all of the white civil servants not like all thought he would do. He did this because he would be contradicting his belief of not to judge people by the colour of their skin.
5. Make Risks and Take Risks
As a leader you must be able to take and make risks by understanding what opportunities exist, and converting them into results. An example of this is when Nelson Mandela takes the risk of loosing all the support he had from the black society. He wants to keep the Springbok emblem. He believes that the day that he is unable to take risks is the day that he is unable to be the president.
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela is one of the most renowned leaders all over the world. He was one of the leaders to put an end to segregation and apartheid rule of South Africa and the first black president of the country. Nelson Mandela's life story has long since become a legend, one that transcends borders, race, language, or culture. His leadership truly belongs to the world.
Nelson Mandela had many problems in his road to leadership. He spent twenty seven years in prison and eighteen of these he spent on Robin Island where he was refined to living in a cell that was no larger than eight foot by eight foot. Mandela believes that this imprisonment gave him time to think and he says that "It is possible that if I had not gone to jail and been able to read and listen to the stories of many people. ... I might not have learned these things.” Here he is talking about the great traits the he has as a leader and how he learned them from many others. During his time in prison there were thousands and thousands of Africans joining the nationalist movement for freedom forcing the white rulers to give up apartheid and release their beloved leader that they did in 1990. Mandela was then voted in president of South Africa four years later to be the first black president. The black society thought that he would bring them to rule and bring hatred on the whites who had done so to them for so long. But Mandela had other plans in mind.
Mandela’s simple principles of political agitation almost on the lines of Mahatma Gandhi, healing the wounds of hate and bringing about national unification were the most important thing to him. Mandela’s leadership was a one of great compassion and example. He wanted to unify the country together and he believed that he could do this by showing example and inspire his people to do the same. Mandela showed his compassion on the first day in office when he choose not to fire the white civil servant but asked them to work with him and help restore their country. Mandela had a great vision of getting rid of apartheid and racism and he believed that he could do it very much. Mandela was great for imposing context in his speeches where he would help to guide his country in the path that he wanted them to go in by letting them know what is important and what not. He always told his country what his goal was. This helped to minimize confusion.
When Mandela told his people that he wouldn’t be changing the Springboks emblem they were confused. He tried to explain to them what he was doing but they didn’t hear of it. The black society didn’t understand this at all because the team was a symbol of white dominance with just one black player on the team. Mandela believed that if he got the black society to support the Springboks it would be a great stepping-stone to uniting the country. Mandela wanted to prove to the whites that he wasn’t going to destroy everything that they love but to keep it and incorporate the blacks into it. This was a massive risk for Mandela but it was a risk that he made as a leader. He tried his best to get the Springbok rugby team to win the world cup that was in South Africa that year. He went to meet the team several times and even learnt off their names so that he could show his support for them. He got the team to go to the villages of the black societies and teach the young how to play rugby to get them to support rugby and the Springboks. This was all to unit South Africa. In large scale change you need a lot of support and getting the first person is difficult but Mandela got his first supporter with the captain of the team Francois Pienaar. He influenced his team, which in turn influenced many other rugby supporters like when they went to the black communities. When the team won the world cup the support for the team was both black and white citizens, which was what Mandela wanted. By now apartheid and racism was nearly eradicated.
Mandela as a leader led his country to what some said would be impossible but like all great leaders they can do the impossible. Mandela didn’t do it without a fight but as he said "There is no easy walk to freedom anywhere, and many of us will have to pass through the valley of the shadow of death again and again before we reach the mountain top of our desires".
Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King, Jr. was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African American civil rights movement in America in the nineteen fifty’s and sixty’s. He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and his Christian beliefs. King is often presented as a heroic leader in the history of modern American liberalism. King is often remembered as one of the most powerful and influential public speakers of all time, and we often refer to him from his historical “I Have A Dream” speech, that he delivered to a quarter of a million black Americans, lifting spirits of equality and justice to the black American race.
Martin Luther King was the greatest leader in the civil rights movement, he had many leadership qualities that stand out to him. Like Nelson Mandela he had a massive task to perform to eliminate racism. Luther found it relatively easy to gain support because every black citizen wanted the same thing as he did equality. But he still had to convince them that it was worthwhile. He did this with his incredible public speaking skill. He expressed his ideas and thoughts greatly and he developed increasing support, which is one of the most important things in being a leader. He said, "Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter."
Luther focused people on what they wanted to achieve and how they wanted to achieve it in a nonviolent way with peaceful protest. These protests became violent but Luther stuck with his idea of nonviolence because he believed it was a stronger way of protest by not falling into violence. Luther with his strong conviction was able to persuade the protestors to do this. With increasing support around the country the white citizens and police were becoming under increased pressure.
The historic march on Washington was a turning point in the fight where Luther said his famous “I have a dream” speech. In his speech he demanded equal justice for all citizens under the law. Here the crowds were uplifted by the emotional strength and prophetic quality of King’s famous “I Have a Dream” speech, in which he emphasized his faith that all men, someday, would be brothers. This speech raised the hopes of all black African Americans because Luther issued realistic hope into the citizens and the outcomes of the change the end goal. This resulted in the passage of the civil rights act 1964. Luther is regarded one of the greatest leaders of all time.
Conclusion
Leadership for me is something very powerful and unique. It is a real hunger and passion to reach your goal no matter what it might be. The greatest leadership traits and characteristics for me are risk and setting example. For me these are the two most important things because for setting example, if a leader is not doing what he wants his people to do then how is he supposed to get them to do it. Setting example is a simple thing and often when you don’t mean to be setting example you are. It is hard for a supporter to believe in their leader when they do not see any example being set. Risk is also very important for me because risk is what makes and breaks great leaders. The knowledge of when to take a risk and when not to is evident in a great leader. Risks are what energizes supporters and what gives them the spark to continue to follow that leader.
I think the greatest leadership skill Nelson Mandela has is taking risks. He risks the whole of his support to try and unite South Africa. This is what ultimately makes him a great leader but the courage to do it is enormous and what makes him a great leader.
For Martin Luther King the greatest leadership skill he has is having conviction in his speeches. He is such a great public speaker that this could also be his greatest skill but it is his public speaking that makes his conviction. He inspired hope and joy into the black society of Americans and this motivated them to follow him.
I think that Nelson Mandela is the most important leader because of the risk that he took and the fight he did that made it happen.
Nelson Mandela and
Martin Luther King
By Cormac Foley
Introduction
What is Leadership?
Leadership is the spark and flare that motivates others, inspires, and empowers them to contribute to achieving organizational success. Hunger and passion inside drives forth to reach the end goal. A great leader can do things that others thought were never possible, to inspire others to believe and motivate. It is an exceptional power and desire to gain followers and to believe in your view one hundred percent. Not everyone has the criteria that a leader must have to gain success, for it is much more than just having an idea, it is to gain followers and inspire others by their actions. Great leaders are born leaders.
A leader does not have to be someone who changes the world but can be someone on a sports field or in an office. The principle is the same. A leader will be able to obtain commitment and understanding from their followers. They will be able to look upon him or her as if there is no doubt in the world as why they are the leader because it will be self-explanatory. Respect will be the utmost and they will believe in their leader fully. A leader is not someone who you will have to be looking for but will be someone who will present themselves to you. Leadership is not something that you can learn but all leaders carry similar characteristics that they portray.
1.Have conviction
Nobody wants to follow a leader in times of uncertainty that is ‘wishy-washy’ and indecisive. A leader who is like this has followers who are uncertain, have anxiety, fear and some level of panic. A true leader will be able to deliver his goals clearly gaining support from his followers and also show the expectations of these. They will explain why they are choosing to do this are emphasise the importance of the decision. An example of this is when Nelson Mandela explains to the black society why he is choosing to keep the Springbok emblem.
2. Impose Contexts
People often can get carried away with what actually maters and what doesn’t. A great leader will focus people’s attention on what actions and goals are important and will have conviction in telling them what to do and how what not to do. An example of this would be from the movie Invictus when the black security guard of Nelson Mandela questions Mandela about why they have white security guards as well. He explains to him that the overall goal is to have a country where every body is the same and not a country with two halves.
3. Challenge and Change
Leaders are all ways looking for ways to change things so that you can surprise people and energize your followers, and take your competitors by surprise. An example of this is in the film Moneyball where Peter Bran had an idea of looking at players in a different perspective by looking at their statistical values, using mathematical equations and the percentage of them getting to first base. Billy Bean the manager took the risk of this idea never seen or heard of before and implemented it into his team. This meant he could by players very cheaply. His idea worked in the end and the risk payed off.
4. Generate Critical Mass
Many people have great ideas and more than likely that idea has been thought of before, but a great leader will be able to do more with that idea than others. They will be able to speak out and express their ideas but most importantly bring followers with them to strengthen and create critical mass. An example of this would be Nelson Mandela’s first day in office he decided not to fire all of the white civil servants not like all thought he would do. He did this because he would be contradicting his belief of not to judge people by the colour of their skin.
5. Make Risks and Take Risks
As a leader you must be able to take and make risks by understanding what opportunities exist, and converting them into results. An example of this is when Nelson Mandela takes the risk of loosing all the support he had from the black society. He wants to keep the Springbok emblem. He believes that the day that he is unable to take risks is the day that he is unable to be the president.
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela is one of the most renowned leaders all over the world. He was one of the leaders to put an end to segregation and apartheid rule of South Africa and the first black president of the country. Nelson Mandela's life story has long since become a legend, one that transcends borders, race, language, or culture. His leadership truly belongs to the world.
Nelson Mandela had many problems in his road to leadership. He spent twenty seven years in prison and eighteen of these he spent on Robin Island where he was refined to living in a cell that was no larger than eight foot by eight foot. Mandela believes that this imprisonment gave him time to think and he says that "It is possible that if I had not gone to jail and been able to read and listen to the stories of many people. ... I might not have learned these things.” Here he is talking about the great traits the he has as a leader and how he learned them from many others. During his time in prison there were thousands and thousands of Africans joining the nationalist movement for freedom forcing the white rulers to give up apartheid and release their beloved leader that they did in 1990. Mandela was then voted in president of South Africa four years later to be the first black president. The black society thought that he would bring them to rule and bring hatred on the whites who had done so to them for so long. But Mandela had other plans in mind.
Mandela’s simple principles of political agitation almost on the lines of Mahatma Gandhi, healing the wounds of hate and bringing about national unification were the most important thing to him. Mandela’s leadership was a one of great compassion and example. He wanted to unify the country together and he believed that he could do this by showing example and inspire his people to do the same. Mandela showed his compassion on the first day in office when he choose not to fire the white civil servant but asked them to work with him and help restore their country. Mandela had a great vision of getting rid of apartheid and racism and he believed that he could do it very much. Mandela was great for imposing context in his speeches where he would help to guide his country in the path that he wanted them to go in by letting them know what is important and what not. He always told his country what his goal was. This helped to minimize confusion.
When Mandela told his people that he wouldn’t be changing the Springboks emblem they were confused. He tried to explain to them what he was doing but they didn’t hear of it. The black society didn’t understand this at all because the team was a symbol of white dominance with just one black player on the team. Mandela believed that if he got the black society to support the Springboks it would be a great stepping-stone to uniting the country. Mandela wanted to prove to the whites that he wasn’t going to destroy everything that they love but to keep it and incorporate the blacks into it. This was a massive risk for Mandela but it was a risk that he made as a leader. He tried his best to get the Springbok rugby team to win the world cup that was in South Africa that year. He went to meet the team several times and even learnt off their names so that he could show his support for them. He got the team to go to the villages of the black societies and teach the young how to play rugby to get them to support rugby and the Springboks. This was all to unit South Africa. In large scale change you need a lot of support and getting the first person is difficult but Mandela got his first supporter with the captain of the team Francois Pienaar. He influenced his team, which in turn influenced many other rugby supporters like when they went to the black communities. When the team won the world cup the support for the team was both black and white citizens, which was what Mandela wanted. By now apartheid and racism was nearly eradicated.
Mandela as a leader led his country to what some said would be impossible but like all great leaders they can do the impossible. Mandela didn’t do it without a fight but as he said "There is no easy walk to freedom anywhere, and many of us will have to pass through the valley of the shadow of death again and again before we reach the mountain top of our desires".
Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King, Jr. was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African American civil rights movement in America in the nineteen fifty’s and sixty’s. He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi and his Christian beliefs. King is often presented as a heroic leader in the history of modern American liberalism. King is often remembered as one of the most powerful and influential public speakers of all time, and we often refer to him from his historical “I Have A Dream” speech, that he delivered to a quarter of a million black Americans, lifting spirits of equality and justice to the black American race.
Martin Luther King was the greatest leader in the civil rights movement, he had many leadership qualities that stand out to him. Like Nelson Mandela he had a massive task to perform to eliminate racism. Luther found it relatively easy to gain support because every black citizen wanted the same thing as he did equality. But he still had to convince them that it was worthwhile. He did this with his incredible public speaking skill. He expressed his ideas and thoughts greatly and he developed increasing support, which is one of the most important things in being a leader. He said, "Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about things that matter."
Luther focused people on what they wanted to achieve and how they wanted to achieve it in a nonviolent way with peaceful protest. These protests became violent but Luther stuck with his idea of nonviolence because he believed it was a stronger way of protest by not falling into violence. Luther with his strong conviction was able to persuade the protestors to do this. With increasing support around the country the white citizens and police were becoming under increased pressure.
The historic march on Washington was a turning point in the fight where Luther said his famous “I have a dream” speech. In his speech he demanded equal justice for all citizens under the law. Here the crowds were uplifted by the emotional strength and prophetic quality of King’s famous “I Have a Dream” speech, in which he emphasized his faith that all men, someday, would be brothers. This speech raised the hopes of all black African Americans because Luther issued realistic hope into the citizens and the outcomes of the change the end goal. This resulted in the passage of the civil rights act 1964. Luther is regarded one of the greatest leaders of all time.
Conclusion
Leadership for me is something very powerful and unique. It is a real hunger and passion to reach your goal no matter what it might be. The greatest leadership traits and characteristics for me are risk and setting example. For me these are the two most important things because for setting example, if a leader is not doing what he wants his people to do then how is he supposed to get them to do it. Setting example is a simple thing and often when you don’t mean to be setting example you are. It is hard for a supporter to believe in their leader when they do not see any example being set. Risk is also very important for me because risk is what makes and breaks great leaders. The knowledge of when to take a risk and when not to is evident in a great leader. Risks are what energizes supporters and what gives them the spark to continue to follow that leader.
I think the greatest leadership skill Nelson Mandela has is taking risks. He risks the whole of his support to try and unite South Africa. This is what ultimately makes him a great leader but the courage to do it is enormous and what makes him a great leader.
For Martin Luther King the greatest leadership skill he has is having conviction in his speeches. He is such a great public speaker that this could also be his greatest skill but it is his public speaking that makes his conviction. He inspired hope and joy into the black society of Americans and this motivated them to follow him.
I think that Nelson Mandela is the most important leader because of the risk that he took and the fight he did that made it happen.
CSI
CSI is a module that I found quiet interesting and is one that I looked forward to as I didn't know what to expect from it. We did not have a project to do for this module, instead each class we had to complete a set number of activities in our C.S.I booklet. The booklet contained activities such as creating and investigating finger prints, drawing crime scenes and examining witness' and selecting the criminal. In the last few classes we got to watch csi Miami which was interesting to see how I looked at it all knowing some of the process.
CSI is a module that I found quiet interesting and is one that I looked forward to as I didn't know what to expect from it. We did not have a project to do for this module, instead each class we had to complete a set number of activities in our C.S.I booklet. The booklet contained activities such as creating and investigating finger prints, drawing crime scenes and examining witness' and selecting the criminal. In the last few classes we got to watch csi Miami which was interesting to see how I looked at it all knowing some of the process.
RSE Project
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Sexually transmitted diseases (STI’S)
BY CORMAC FOLEY
What is AID’s
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) occurs when infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) destroys the body’s natural protection from illness. The immune system weakens to the point where it can be invaded by "opportunistic" infections and certain cancers. These infections would not cause problems for healthy people. For people with AIDS, they may cause serious or even life-threatening problems.
Blood is an important part of the body’s immune system. White blood cells help protect people from disease. Certain white blood cells called T cells perform a crucial role. Some of the T cells are "helper" cells that signal other cells to do their jobs. HIV attacks and destroys the "helper" T cells. When enough cells are destroyed, the immune system no longer works and the patient has AIDS.
AIDS risk factors
Many people have no symptoms of HIV. Some have flu-like symptoms a month or two after getting the virus. These may include fever, headache, tiredness, and enlarged lymph nodes (these are organs of the immune system in the neck and groin). These symptoms usually go away before they are identified as HIV.
HIV and AIDS symptoms
Tests for HIV
1.ELISA antibody blood test
2.Blood test for the presence of HIV
3.Western Blot antibody blood tests
Prevention of HIV
There's no vaccine to prevent HIV infection and no cure for AIDS. But it's possible to protect yourself and others from infection. That means educating yourself about HIV and avoiding any behavior that allows HIV-infected fluids — blood, semen, vaginal secretions and breast milk — into your body.
To help prevent the spread of HIV:
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Sexually transmitted diseases (STI’S)
BY CORMAC FOLEY
What is AID’s
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) occurs when infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) destroys the body’s natural protection from illness. The immune system weakens to the point where it can be invaded by "opportunistic" infections and certain cancers. These infections would not cause problems for healthy people. For people with AIDS, they may cause serious or even life-threatening problems.
Blood is an important part of the body’s immune system. White blood cells help protect people from disease. Certain white blood cells called T cells perform a crucial role. Some of the T cells are "helper" cells that signal other cells to do their jobs. HIV attacks and destroys the "helper" T cells. When enough cells are destroyed, the immune system no longer works and the patient has AIDS.
AIDS risk factors
- Sharing drug needles or syringes.
- Sexual contact (including oral, anal or vagi-
- Having another sexually transmitted disease such as syphilis, herpes, chlamydial infection, gonorrhea or bacterial vaginosis seems to increase the risk of being infected by HIV during unprotected sexual contact with an infected partner.
- Babies can be infected by an HIV-positive mother during pregnancy, birth and breast feeding.
Many people have no symptoms of HIV. Some have flu-like symptoms a month or two after getting the virus. These may include fever, headache, tiredness, and enlarged lymph nodes (these are organs of the immune system in the neck and groin). These symptoms usually go away before they are identified as HIV.
HIV and AIDS symptoms
- large lymph nodes or "swollen glands" that may be enlarged for more than three months
- frequent fevers and sweats
- skin rashes or flaky skin that does not go away
- short-term memory loss
- slow growth or frequent illness in children
- cough and shortness of breath
- seizures and lack of coordination
- difficult or painful swallowing
- confusion and forgetfulness
- nausea, stomach cramps, diarrhea, and/or vomiting that do not go away
- vision loss
- unexplained weight loss
- fatigue or unusual tiredness
- severe headaches
- in children: conjunctivitis (pink eye), ear infections, and tonsillitis
Tests for HIV
1.ELISA antibody blood test
2.Blood test for the presence of HIV
3.Western Blot antibody blood tests
Prevention of HIV
There's no vaccine to prevent HIV infection and no cure for AIDS. But it's possible to protect yourself and others from infection. That means educating yourself about HIV and avoiding any behavior that allows HIV-infected fluids — blood, semen, vaginal secretions and breast milk — into your body.
To help prevent the spread of HIV:
- Use a new condom every time you have sex. If you don't know the HIV status of your partner, use a new condom every time you have anal or vaginal sex. Women can use a female condom. Use only water-based lubricants. Oil-based lubricants can weaken condoms and cause them to break. During oral sex use a nonlubricated, cut-open condom or a dental dam — a piece of medical-grade latex.
- Consider the drug Truvada. Use of the combination drug emtricitabine-tenofovir (Truvada) can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted HIV infection in those who are at high risk. Truvada is also used as an HIV treatment along with other medications. When used to help prevent HIV infection, Truvada is only appropriate if your doctor is certain you don't already have an HIV infection. Your doctor should also test for hepatitis B infection. If you have hepatitis B, your doctor should test your kidney function before prescribing Truvada. Truvada must be taken daily, exactly as prescribed. Truvada should only be used along with other prevention strategies, such as condom use every time you have sex, as it doesn't protect against other sexually transmitted infections, and it can't provide complete protection against HIV transmission. If you're interested in Truvada, talk with your doctor about the potential risks and benefits of the drug.
- Use a clean needle. If you use a needle to inject drugs, make sure it's sterile and don't share it. Take advantage of needle-exchange programs in your community and consider seeking help for your drug use.
- If you're pregnant, get medical care right away. If you're HIV-positive, you may pass the infection to your baby. But if you receive treatment during pregnancy, you can cut your baby's risk significantly.